耐热聚乙烯管专用料的结构特点和研究进展

介绍了耐热聚乙烯管的应用和耐热聚乙烯管专用料的结构特点和基本参数,同时综述了国内外在耐热聚乙烯管和耐热聚乙烯管专用料的研究状况,并对市场上PE-RT专用料的性能进行了总结。     

基于“1+2”模式的结构化学课程在线教学实践

Since the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) at the beginning of this year, Chinese government acted immediately and made some regulations to control the epidemic NCP and promote the recovery of society and industry including education. Chinese universities stayed on the online courses without suspension on teaching and learning. Herein, we report online teaching of structural chemistry course based on the teaching mode of online live broadcast platform, online course resources and management platforms ("1 + 2" mode). This may promote online teaching, and take advantage of online live broadcast and massive open online courses, which achieves good teaching and learning experiences on structural chemistry course.     

立体角在结构化学中的应用

The concept of solid angle is used to explain the necessary and sufficient conditions for a three-dimensional gapless structure to be achieved by combining one or several polyhedrons. In this paper, the solid angle and dihedral angle of the common regular polyhedron and the common Archimedean semi regular polyhedron are presented, and the examples of structural chemistry are analyzed. In space, the sum of solid angles must be equal to 4π(sr), so by simply adding, we can judge the possibility of gapless accumulation, know the common situation of each point, and then deduce the space structure. By using this method, we can predict some structures that do not exist yet.     

Strong and Superhydrophobic Wood with Aligned Cellulose Nanofibers as a Waterproof Structural Material†

Lightweight structural materials are important for the energy efficiency of applications, particularly those in the building sector. Here, inspired by nature, we developed a strong, superhydrophobic, yet lightweight material by simple in situ growth of nano‐SiO₂ and subsequent densification of the wood substrate. In situ generation of SiO₂ nanoparticles both inside the wood channels and on the wood surfaces gives the material superhydrophobicity, with static and dynamic contact angles of 159.4^o and 3^o, respectively. Densification of the wood to remove most of the spaces among the lumen and cell walls results in a laminated, dense structure, with aligned cellulose nanofibers, which in turn contributes to a high mechanical strength up to 384.2 MPa (7‐times higher than natural wood). Such treatment enables the strong and superhydrophobic wood (SH‐Wood) to be stable and have excellent water, acid, and alkaline resistance. The high mechanical strength of SH‐Wood combined with its excellent structural stability in harsh environments, as well its low density, positions the strong and superhydrophobic wood as a promising candidate for strong, lightweight, and durable structural materials that could potentially replace steel.     

Wetting–dewetting films: The role of structural forces

The liquid wetting and dewetting of solids are ubiquitous phenomena that occur in everyday life. Understanding the nature of these phenomena is beneficial for research and technological applications. However, despite their importance, the phenomena are still not well understood because of the nature of the substrate's surface energy non-ideality and dynamics. This paper illustrates the mechanisms and applications of liquid wetting and dewetting on hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates. We discuss the classical understanding and application of wetting and film stability criteria based on the Frumkin–Derjaguin disjoining pressure model. The roles of the film critical thickness and capillary pressure on the film instability based on the disjoining pressure isotherm are elucidated, as are the criteria for stable and unstable wet films. We consider the film area in the model for the film stability and the applicable experiments. This paper also addresses the two classic film instability mechanisms for suspended liquid films based on the conditions of the free energy criteria originally proposed by de Vries (nucleation hole formation) and Vrij–Scheludko (capillary waves vs. van der Waals forces) that were later adapted to explain dewetting. We include a discussion of the mechanisms of nanofilm wetting and dewetting on a solid substrate based on nanoparticles' tendency to form a 2D layer and 2D inlayer in the film under the wetting film's surface confinement. We also present our view on the future of wetting–dewetting modeling and its applications in developing emerging technologies. We believe the review and analysis presented here will benefit the current and future understanding of the wetting–dewetting phenomena, as well as aid in the development of novel products and technologies.     

Generic bifurcations of low codimension of planar Filippov Systems

In this article some qualitative and geometric aspects of non-smooth dynamical systems theory are discussed. The main aim of this article is to develop a systematic method for studying local (and global) bifurcations in non-smooth dynamical systems. Our results deal with the classification and characterization of generic codimension-2 singularities of planar Filippov Systems as well as the presentation of the bifurcation diagrams and some dynamical consequences.     

Spectral analysis of a high-order Hermitian algorithm for structural dynamics

The spectral analysis of an efficient step-by-step direct integration algorithm for the structural dynamic equation is presented. The proposed algorithm is formulated in terms of two Hermitian finite difference operators of fifth-order local truncation error and it is unconditionally stable with no numerical damping presenting a fourth-order truncation error for period dispersion (global error). In addition, although it is in competition with higher-order algorithms presented in the literature, the computational effort is similar to that of the classical second-order Newmark’s method. The numerical application for nonlinear structural dynamic problems is also considered.     

On the use of some numerical damping methods of spurious oscillations in the case of elastic wave propagation

The use of finite element and finite difference methods of spatial and temporal discretization for solving structural dynamics problems gives rise to purely numerical errors. Among the many numerical methods used to damp out the spurious oscillations occurring in the high frequency domain, it is proposed here to analyse and compare the well-known Bulk Viscosity method, which modifies the stresses calculations and a method recently presented by Tchamwa and Wielgosz, which is based on a modification of an explicit time integration algorithm. The efficiency of both methods is evaluated in a 2-D axisymmetric compressive test.     

An efficient technique for recovering responses of parameterized structural dynamic problems

In this article,an effective technique is developed to efficiently obtain the output responses of parameterized structural dynamic problems.This technique is based on the conception of reduced basis method and the usage of linear interpolation principle.The original problem is projected onto the reduced basis space by linear interpolation projection,and subsequently an associated interpolation matrix is generated.To ensure the largest nonsingularity,the interpolation matrix needs to go through a timenode choosing process,which is developed by applying the angle of vector spaces.As a part of this technique,error estimation is recommended for achieving the computational error bound.To ensure the successful performance of this technique,the offline-online computational procedures are conducted in practical engineering.Two numerical examples demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the presented method.     

A study of sloshing absorber geometry for structural control with SPH

A liquid sloshing absorber consists of a container, partially filled with liquid. The absorber is attached to the structure to be controlled, and relies on the structure's motion to excite the liquid. Consequently, a sloshing wave is produced at the liquid free-surface within the absorber, possessing energy dissipative qualities. The primary objective of this work is to numerically demonstrate the effect of a sloshing absorber's shape on its control performance. Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is used to model fluid–structure interaction of the structure/sloshing absorber system in two dimensions. The structure to be controlled is a lightly damped single degree-of-freedom structure. The structure is subjected to a transient excitation and then allowed to respond dynamically, coming to rest either due to its own damping alone or with the added control of the sloshing absorber. It is identified that the control performance of the conventionally used rectangular container geometry can be improved by having inward-angled walls. This new arrangement is robust, and of significant advantage in situations when the external disturbance is of uncertain magnitude.